what does being overweight have to do with infertility in women? quizlet

Weight, fertility, and pregnancy

Your weight — whether too high or too low — can affect your power to get pregnant. Being overweight or underweight can likewise cause problems during your pregnancy. Reaching a healthy weight tin can help y'all get pregnant and improve your chances of a healthy pregnancy and infant.

How does having overweight or obesity affect my ability to go pregnant?

Actress weight tin can make it hard for you to get meaning. For example, polycystic ovary syndrome, or PCOS, is one of the about common reasons for infertility in women and can also cause obesity. Overweight and obesity affect fertility past:¹

• Preventing ovulation. Your ovaries make the female hormone estrogen. Fat cells also make estrogen. As you gain weight, your fatty cells grow and release more estrogen. Besides much natural estrogen can cause your torso to react every bit if you are taking hormonal birth control with estrogen (similar the pill, shot, or vaginal ring) or are already pregnant. This tin can prevent you from ovulating and having a monthly catamenia.
• Preventing fertility treatments from working. Obesity may lower your chances of getting significant with certain fertility treatments, such equally in vitro fertilization (IVF).

How does beingness underweight touch my ability to go pregnant?

If you are underweight (your BMI is 18.5 or less), you may take problems getting pregnant. Being underweight can cause your torso to end making estrogen. This can cause irregular menstrual cycles. You may stop ovulating and getting your menstruation. This is especially true if yous are losing weight because you are non eating enough or because you are exercising too much, which may be signs of an eating disorder like anorexia nervosa.

In lodge to get meaning, you demand to ovulate or release an egg from the ovary so it can be fertilized by a human being's sperm. And then your body needs to exist able to support a developing baby in the womb.

Could reaching a healthy weight help me get pregnant?

Yep. Every woman is different, just studies show that for women who have overweight or obesity, losing weight raised their chances of getting pregnant. Losing weight also helped menstrual cycles return to normal.^one Talk to your medico or nurse nearly how to lose weight safely.

Women who need to gain weight before getting pregnant should gain weight gradually and talk to their doctor or nurse about how to proceeds weight safely.

How much weight should I gain during pregnancy?

How much weight y'all should proceeds during pregnancy depends on your torso mass index (BMI) earlier getting meaning.

If you have:²

• Underweight (BMI of less than 18.5), you should gain 28 to twoscore pounds
• Normal weight (BMI of 18.v to 24.nine), y'all should gain 25 to 35 pounds
• Overweight (BMI of 25 to 29.9), you should gain fifteen to 25 pounds
• Obesity (BMI of 30 or greater), yous should gain no more than 11 to 20 pounds

Talk to your physician, nurse, or midwife about how much weight is safe to proceeds during pregnancy.

What are the health risks for the female parent of having overweight or obesity during pregnancy?

Having overweight or obesity during pregnancy raises your risk for problems during pregnancy. Also, even if y'all do not have overweight or obesity, gaining more weight than recommended can cause the same problems.

These include:

• Gestational hypertension (high blood pressure during pregnancy). If not controlled during pregnancy, gestational hypertension may lead to a more than serious status called preeclampsia.
• Gestational diabetes (diabetes that starts during pregnancy). Having overweight or obesity raises the risk for gestational diabetes. Women who have had gestational diabetes besides have a higher lifetime take a chance for obesity and blazon 2 diabetes. Gestational diabetes can cause low claret sugar in the infant. Unborn babies may also exist larger, which could hurt the babe or the mother during nascence.
• Increased take chances for C-section ⁱⁱⁱ

Talk to your doctor, nurse, or midwife near healthy weight gain during pregnancy to help lower your risk for these wellness problems.

Larn more near pregnancy complications.

How does having overweight or obesity during pregnancy affect the babe?

Babies born to mothers with overweight or obesity are at college risk for wellness problems, including:ⁱⁱⁱ

• Neural tube defects, such as spina bifida
• Heart defects
• Low blood sugar and larger torso size, if the mother has gestational diabetes
• Obesity, type two diabetes, and high cholesterol

How does being underweight during pregnancy bear on the babe?

Babies born to mothers who are underweight (women with BMIs lower than eighteen.5) are at college gamble for health problems, including:⁴

• Premature birth (besides called preterm birth), or childbirth earlier 37 weeks of pregnancy
• Depression birth weight (smaller than 5 1/2 pounds). These infants are at take a chance for health and development problems as they become older.

Did we answer your question well-nigh weight, fertility, and pregnancy?

For more information about weight, fertility, and pregnancy, call the OWH Helpline at 1-800-994-9662 or bank check out the following resources from other organizations:

• Managing your weight gain during pregnancy — Information from the National Library of Medicine.
• Obesity and Pregnancy — Brochure from the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists.

Sources

1. Zain, M. M., Norman, R. J. (2008). Impact of obesity on female fertility and fertility treatment. Women'south Health; 4(2): 183-194.
2. Institute of Medicine. (2009). Weight Gain During Pregnancy: Reexamining the Guidelines.
3. Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Plant of Child Health and Human Development. (2012). NIH Obesity Inquiry Featured in HBO's The Weight of the Nation.
4. Han, Z., Mulla, Southward., Beyene, J., Liao, Thousand., McDonald, Southward.D., Cognition Synthesis Group. (2011). Maternal underweight and the risk of preterm birth and depression nativity weight: a systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Epidemiology; 40(1): 65-101.

The Function on Women's Wellness is grateful for the medical review past:

• Kathryn McMurry, M.Due south., Nutrition Coordinator, National Center, Lung, and Blood Institute
• Fatima Cody-Stanford, One thousand.D., M.P.H., One thousand.P.A., Obesity Medicine & Nutrition, Massachusetts General Hospital Weight Centre, Harvard Medical School

All material contained on these pages are free of copyright restrictions and may be copied, reproduced, or duplicated without permission of the Office on Women'due south Wellness in the U.Due south. Department of Health and Human Services. Citation of the source is appreciated.

Page final updated: December 27, 2018

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Source: https://www.womenshealth.gov/healthy-weight/weight-fertility-and-pregnancy

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